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Cross-sectional view, showing the position of the human lens Ultrasound scan of a unilateral cataract seen in a fetus at twenty weeks of pregnancy. Cataracts may be partial or complete, stationary or progressive, hard or soft. Histologically, the main types of age-related cataracts are nuclear sclerosis, cortical, and posterior subcapsular. [44]
Cataract surgery, also called lens replacement surgery, is the removal of the natural lens of the eye that has developed a cataract, an opaque or cloudy area. [1] The eye's natural lens is usually replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL) implant.
Leucomatous corneal opacity is a dense white opacity which results due to scarring of more than half of the stroma. [4] A number of different presentations of leucomatous corneal opacity exist: Adherent leucoma: results when healing occurs after perforation of cornea with incarceration of iris.
Congenital cataracts are a lens opacity that is present at birth. Congenital cataracts occur in a broad range of severity. Some lens opacities do not progress and are visually insignificant, others can produce profound visual impairment. Congenital cataracts may be unilateral or bilateral. They can be classified by morphology, presumed or ...
The remaining lens cortex (outer layer of lens) material from the capsular bag is also carefully aspirated, using an irrigation-aspiration phaco probe or a bimanual system, while leaving the posterior capsule intact. If considered necessary, the remaining epithelial cells from the capsule are removed by capsular polishing.
Lenticonus (/len·ti·co·nus/ (len″tĭ-ko´nus)) [lens + L. conus, cone] is a rare congenital anomaly of the eye characterized by a conical protrusion on the crystalline lens capsule and the underlying cortex. It can reach a diameter of 2 to 7 mm. The conus may occur anteriorly or posteriorly.
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception.In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6]
The visual cortex located in the occipital lobe of the brain is that part of the cerebral cortex which processes visual information. [26] Cortical blindness refers to any partial or complete visual deficit that is caused by damage to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe. Unilateral lesions can lead to homonymous hemianopias and scotomas.