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Updated (2023) Modified Duke Criteria for Infective Endocarditis: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening condition and the Duke criteria (established in 1994 and revised in 2000) has been fundamental for the diagnosis of the disease. However, the landscape of micro-biology, diagnostics, epidemiology, and treatment for lE has evolved ...
The HACEK organisms are a group of fastidious Gram-negative bacteria that are an unusual cause of infective endocarditis, which is an inflammation of the heart due to bacterial infection. [1] HACEK is an abbreviation of the initials of the genera of this group of bacteria: Haemophilus , Aggregatibacter (previously Actinobacillus ...
Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium.It usually involves the heart valves.Other structures that may be involved include the interventricular septum, the chordae tendineae, the mural endocardium, or the surfaces of intracardiac devices.
[medical citation needed] In cases of subacute bacterial endocarditis, the causative organism (streptococcus viridans) needs previous heart valve disease to colonize. [9] On the other hand, in cases of acute bacterial endocarditis the organism can colonize on the healthy heart valve, causing the disease. [10]
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a form of endocarditis in which small sterile vegetations are deposited on the valve leaflets. Formerly known as marantic endocarditis , which comes from the Greek marantikos , meaning "wasting away". [ 1 ]
Loeffler endocarditis is a form of heart disease characterized by a stiffened, poorly-functioning heart caused by infiltration of the heart by white blood cells known as eosinophils. [1] Restrictive cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle which results in impaired diastolic filling of the heart ventricles , i.e. the large heart chambers ...
Libman–Sacks endocarditis is a form of non-bacterial endocarditis that is seen in association with systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, and malignancies. It is one of the most common cardiac manifestations of lupus (the most common being pericarditis ).
The download count is a color-coded badge, with special color designations for surpassing certain app download milestones, including grey for 100, 500, 1,000, and 5,000 downloads, blue for 10,000 and 50,000 downloads, green for 100,000 and 500,000 downloads, and red/orange for 1 million, 5 million, 10 million, and 1 billion downloads. [65] [66]