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An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach. [1] Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhea . [ 2 ]
Calcium-based antacids are recommended if these changes are not effective; aluminum- and magnesium hydroxide-based antacids are also safe. [73] Antacids that contain sodium bicarbonate or magnesium trisilicate should be avoided in pregnancy. [73] Sucralfate has been studied in pregnancy and proven to be safe [73] as is ranitidine [74] and PPIs ...
Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, cardialgia or acid indigestion, [2] is a burning sensation in the central chest or upper central abdomen. [3] [4] [5] Heartburn is usually due to regurgitation of gastric acid (gastric reflux) into the esophagus.
Bismuth subsalicylate is used as an antacid and antidiarrheal, and to treat some other gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea. The means by which this occurs is still not well documented. It is thought to be some combination of the following: [4]
In November 2010, Mylanta was voluntarily recalled [2] due to what is described as some labelling concerns. According to sources within the company at that time, these concerns stemmed from the fact that small traces of alcohol were found in the flavoring agents of the liquid version of the antacid which was not disclosed on the labelling itself, and that the problem would be rectified "shortly".
Drugs or medicines may be withdrawn from commercial markets because of risks to patients, but also because of commercial reasons (e.g. lack of demand and relatively high production costs).
Antacids are a common treatment for mild to medium gastritis. [29] When antacids do not provide enough relief, medications such as H 2 blockers and proton-pump inhibitors that help reduce the amount of acid are often prescribed. [29] [30] Cytoprotective agents are designed to help protect the tissues that line the stomach and small intestine. [31]
The GI cocktail is a mixture of a viscous anesthetic, an antacid, and an anticholinergic. [1] [2] Common viscous anesthetics use are viscous lidocaine or xylocaine.Common antacids used are magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or simethicone (more commonly known as Mylanta or Maalox). [3]