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Three-phase traffic theory is a theory of traffic flow developed by Boris Kerner between 1996 and 2002. [1] [2] [3] It focuses mainly on the explanation of the physics of traffic breakdown and resulting congested traffic on highways.
This impairs the design of the network. Traffic models are hence, a core component of any performance evaluation of networks and they need to be very accurate. “Teletraffic theory is the application of mathematics to the measurement, modeling, and control of traffic in telecommunications networks. [1]
In transportation engineering, traffic flow is the study of interactions between travellers (including pedestrians, cyclists, drivers, and their vehicles) and infrastructure (including highways, signage, and traffic control devices), with the aim of understanding and developing an optimal transport network with efficient movement of traffic and minimal traffic congestion problems.
Braess's paradox is the observation that adding one or more roads to a road network can slow down overall traffic flow through it. The paradox was first discovered by Arthur Pigou in 1920, [1] and later named after the German mathematician Dietrich Braess in 1968.
In packet switching networks, traffic flow, packet flow or network flow is a sequence of packets from a source computer to a destination, which may be another host, a multicast group, or a broadcast domain. RFC 2722 defines traffic flow as "an artificial logical equivalent to a call or connection."
A transport network, or transportation network, is a network or graph in geographic space, describing an infrastructure that permits and constrains movement or flow. [1] Examples include but are not limited to road networks , railways , air routes , pipelines , aqueducts , and power lines .
Traffic modeling draws heavily on theoretical foundations like network theory and certain theories from physics like the kinematic wave model. The interesting quantity being modeled and measured is the traffic flow , i.e. the throughput of mobile units (e.g. vehicles ) per time and transportation medium capacity (e.g. road or lane width).
Network traffic or data traffic is the amount of data moving across a network at a given point of time. [1] Network data in computer networks is mostly encapsulated in network packets, which provide the load in the network. Network traffic is the main component for network traffic measurement, network traffic control and simulation.