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There are three pericardial sinuses: superior, transverse and oblique. [1] The superior sinus is anterior to the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. [1] It cannot be assessed in electrophysiology procedures. [1] The oblique sinus is an inverted J-shaped reflection of the venae cavae and pulmonary veins. [2]
The pericardium (pl.: pericardia), also called pericardial sac, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels. [1] It has two layers, an outer layer made of strong inelastic connective tissue ( fibrous pericardium ), and an inner layer made of serous membrane ( serous pericardium ).
The pleural and pericardial cavities are exaggerated since normally there is no space between parietal and visceral pleura and between pericardium and heart. Pericardial fluid is the serous fluid secreted by the serous layer of the pericardium into the pericardial cavity. The pericardium consists of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and the ...
The differential diagnoses of Kussmaul's sign includes constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, pericardial effusion, and severe right-sided heart failure. [ citation needed ] With cardiac tamponade , jugular veins are distended and typically show a prominent x descent and an absent y descent as opposed to patients with ...
Pulsus paradoxus is a sign that is indicative of several conditions, most commonly pericardial effusion. [1] The paradox in pulsus paradoxus is that, on physical examination, one can detect beats on cardiac auscultation during inspiration that cannot be palpated at the radial pulse. [1]
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Ewart's sign is a set of findings on physical examination in people with large collections of fluid around their heart (pericardial effusions). [2]Dullness to percussion (described historically as "woody" in quality), egophony, and bronchial breath sounds may be appreciated at the inferior angle of the left scapula when the effusion is large enough to compress the left lower lobe of the lung ...
The pericardiacophrenic arteries travel through the thoracic cavity.They course through the fibrous pericardium. [2] The pericardiacophrenic artery accompanies the phrenic nerve between the pleura and pericardium, to the diaphragm. [3]