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  2. Operational amplifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_amplifier

    A single sided supply op amp is one where the input and output voltages can be as low as the negative power supply voltage instead of needing to be at least two volts above it. The result is that it can operate in many applications with the negative supply pin on the op amp being connected to the signal ground, thus eliminating the need for a ...

  3. Power supply rejection ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply_rejection_ratio

    For amplifiers with both positive and negative power supplies (with respect to earth, as op-amps often have), the PSRR for each supply voltage may be separately specified (sometimes written: PSRR+ and PSRR−), but normally the PSRR is tested with opposite polarity signals applied to both supply rails at the same time (otherwise the common-mode ...

  4. Gyrator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyrator

    This is the same as a resistance R L in series with an inductance L = R L RC. There is a practical limit on the minimum value that R L can take, determined by the current output capability of the op-amp. The impedance cannot increase indefinitely with frequency, and eventually the second term limits the impedance to the value of R.

  5. Input offset voltage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input_offset_voltage

    FET-input op-amps tend to have lower input bias currents than bipolar-input op-amps, and hence incur less offset of this type. Input offset voltage is symbolically represented by a voltage source that is in series with either the positive or negative input terminal (it is mathematically equivalent either way).

  6. Miller theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller_theorem

    The op-amp inverting amplifier is a typical circuit, with parallel negative feedback, based on the Miller theorem, where the op-amp differential input impedance is apparently decreased to zero Zeroed impedance uses an inverting (usually op-amp) amplifier with enormously high gain A v → ∞ {\displaystyle A_{v}\to \infty } .

  7. Operational amplifier applications - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_amplifier...

    where Z dif is the op-amp's input impedance to differential signals, and A OL is the open-loop voltage gain of the op-amp (which varies with frequency), and B is the feedback factor (the fraction of the output signal that returns to the input). [3] [4] In the case of the ideal op-amp, with A OL infinite and Z dif infinite, the input impedance ...

  8. Current source - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_source

    Figure 7: Typical op-amp current source. The simple transistor current source from Figure 4 can be improved by inserting the base-emitter junction of the transistor in the feedback loop of an op-amp (Figure 7). Now the op-amp increases its output voltage to compensate for the V BE drop. The circuit is actually a buffered non-inverting amplifier ...

  9. Operational transconductance amplifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operational_trans...

    Schematic symbol for an OTA with differential input. Like the standard operational amplifier, it has both inverting (−) and noninverting (+) inputs; power supply lines (V+ and V−); and a single output. Unlike the traditional op-amp, it has two additional biasing inputs, I abc and I bias.