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Stem cells, on the other hand, have the ability to divide for indefinite periods and to give rise to specialized cells. They are best described in the context of normal human development. [citation needed] Development begins when a sperm fertilizes an egg and creates a single cell that has the potential to form an entire organism. In the first ...
The podocyte is a highly specialised epithelial cell in Bowman's capsule in the kidney. Primary processes of the podocytes form terminal foot processes. The podocyte foot processes wrap around the glomerular capillaries in the kidney to function in the filtration barrier.
Heterocysts or heterocytes are specialized nitrogen-fixing cells formed during nitrogen starvation by some filamentous cyanobacteria, such as Nostoc, Cylindrospermum, and Anabaena. [1] They fix nitrogen from dinitrogen (N 2) in the air using the enzyme nitrogenase, in order to provide the cells in the filament with nitrogen for biosynthesis. [2]
Somatic cells compose the body of an organism and divide through mitosis. In contrast, gametes derive from meiosis within the germ cells of the germline and they fuse during sexual reproduction. Stem cells also can divide through mitosis, but are different from somatic in that they differentiate into diverse specialized cell types.
The cell on the left is going through mitosis and its chromosomes have condensed. Cell nucleus: A cell's information center, the cell nucleus is the most conspicuous organelle found in a eukaryotic cell. It houses the cell's chromosomes, and is the place where almost all DNA replication and RNA synthesis (transcription) occur.
G 1 is a time of growth for the cell where specialized cellular functions occur in order to ... is the manner in which the newly developing cells are formed ...
In the central nervous system (brain, spinal cord and optic nerves), myelination is formed by specialized glial cells called oligodendrocytes, each of which sends out processes (limb-like extensions from the cell body) to myelinate multiple nearby axons; while in the peripheral nervous system, myelin is formed by Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes ...
Heterocysts are specialized nitrogen-fixing cells formed during nitrogen starvation by some filamentous cyanobacteria, such as Nostoc punctiforme, Cylindrospermum stagnale, and Anabaena sphaerica. [58] They fix nitrogen from atmospheric N 2 using the enzyme nitrogenase, in order to provide the cells in the filament with nitrogen for ...