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A pidgin [1] [2] [3] / ˈ p ɪ dʒ ɪ n /, or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups of people that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn from several languages.
Mardijker Creole: by the Mardijker people of Batavia = Papiá Tugu: in Kampung Tugu, Jakarta, Indonesia. (extinct) Bidau Creole Portuguese (Timor Pidgin): in the Bidau area of Dili, East Timor. (it was also a creole) (extinct) Portugis (Ternateño): in the Ambon, Ternate islands and Minahasa, Indonesia. (extinct)
Ambonese Malay or simply Ambonese is a Malay-based creole language spoken on Ambon Island in the Maluku Islands of Eastern Indonesia. It was first brought by traders from Western Indonesia, then developed when the Dutch Empire colonised the Maluku Islands and was used as a tool by missionaries in Eastern Indonesia.
Dutch-based creoles, pidgins, and contact vernaculars (map also includes Afrikaans, a daughter language of Dutch) A Dutch creole is a creole language whose main lexifier is the Dutch language, a West Germanic language of the Low Countries.
Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia; [baˈhasa indoˈnesija]) is the official and national language of Indonesia. [9] It is a standardized variety of Malay , [ 10 ] an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries.
A Tok Pisin speaker, recorded in Taiwan. Tok Pisin (English: / t ɒ k ˈ p ɪ s ɪ n / TOK PISS-in, [3] [4] / t ɔː k,-z ɪ n / tawk, -zin; [5] Tok Pisin [tok pisin] [1]), often referred to by English speakers as New Guinea Pidgin or simply Pidgin, is an English creole language spoken throughout Papua New Guinea.
Pidgins that are spoken as first languages become creoles. English-based pidgins that became stable contact languages, and which have some documentation, include the following: Aboriginal Pidgin English; Native American Pidgin English; Cameroonian Pidgin English; Chinese Pidgin English; Butler English (India) Ghanaian Pidgin English; Hawaiian ...
There have been a number of Arabic-based pidgins and creoles throughout history, including a number of new ones emerging today. These may be broadly divided into pidgins and creoles, which share a common ancestry, and incipient immigrant pidgins. Additionally, Maridi Arabic may have been an 11th-century pidgin.