Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is the major acidic phospholipid class that accounts for 13–15% of the phospholipids in the human cerebral cortex. [7] In the plasma membrane, PS is localized exclusively in the cytoplasmic leaflet where it forms part of protein docking sites necessary for the activation of several key signaling pathways.
For instance, Aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is particularly abundant in the brush border membranes of the kidney, the small intestine, and the placenta, and is also found in the liver. [4] AP-N is involved in the final digestion of peptides generated from the hydrolysis (cleaving) of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases .
Hepcidin, a peptide hormone that regulates iron homeostasis. Insulin-like growth factor 1, a polypeptide protein hormone which plays an important role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults; Thrombopoietin, a glycoprotein hormone that regulates the production of platelets by the bone marrow
A neuropeptide is a peptide that is active in association with neural tissue. A lipopeptide is a peptide that has a lipid connected to it, and pepducins are lipopeptides that interact with GPCRs. A peptide hormone is a peptide that acts as a hormone. A proteose is a mixture of peptides produced by the hydrolysis of proteins. The term is ...
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is a class of phospholipids found in biological membranes. [1] They are synthesized by the addition of cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine to diglycerides, releasing cytidine monophosphate. S-Adenosyl methionine can subsequently methylate the amine of phosphatidylethanolamines to yield phosphatidylcholines.
The main liver cells are called hepatocytes; however, there are other cells that can be observed in a liver sample such as Kupffer cells (macrophages). [2] The liver is the biggest gland of the body. It has a wide variety of functions that range from the destruction of old blood cells to the control of the whole metabolism of macromolecules . [ 3 ]
While all animal cells are capable of synthesizing glutathione, glutathione synthesis in the liver has been shown to be essential. GCLC knockout mice die within a month of birth due to the absence of hepatic GSH synthesis. [4] [5] The unusual gamma amide linkage in glutathione protects it from hydrolysis by peptidases. [6]
The half life of a peptide bond under normal conditions can range from 7 years to 350 years, even higher for peptides protected by modified terminus or within the protein interior. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] [ 25 ] The rate of hydrolysis however can be significantly increased by extremes of pH and heat.