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  2. Moral influence theory of atonement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_influence_theory_of...

    The moral influence or moral example theory of atonement, developed or most notably propagated by Abelard (1079–1142), [1] [2] [note 1] is an alternative to Anselm's satisfaction theory of atonement. [1] Abelard focused on changing man's perception of God as not offended, harsh, and judgmental, but as loving. [1]

  3. Satisfaction theory of atonement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisfaction_theory_of...

    The satisfaction theory of atonement is a theory in Catholic theology which holds that Jesus Christ redeemed humanity through making satisfaction for humankind's disobedience through his own supererogatory obedience. The theory draws primarily from the works of Anselm of Canterbury, specifically his Cur Deus Homo ('Why Was God a Man

  4. Gustaf Aulén - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustaf_Aulén

    Aulén identified three main theories of the Atonement: the 'objective' view, epitomised by Anselm of Canterbury (known as Satisfaction theory); the 'subjective' view, epitomised by Peter Abelard (known as Moral Exemplar theory); and what he referred to as the 'classic' view.

  5. Atonement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atonement

    Moral influence theory, a concept that had been developed by the time of Enlightenment, which Aulén called the "subjective" or "humanistic" view and considered to have been anticipated—as a critique of the satisfaction view—by Peter Abelard. Other theories include recapitulation theory, the "shared atonement" theory [12] and scapegoat theory.

  6. Peter Abelard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Abelard

    Peter Abelard (/ ˈ æ b ə l ɑːr d /; French: Pierre Abélard; Latin: Petrus Abaelardus or Abailardus; 12 February 1079 – 21 April 1142) was a medieval French scholastic philosopher, leading logician, theologian, poet, composer and musician.

  7. Penal substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_substitution

    Penal substitution, also called penal substitutionary atonement and especially in older writings forensic theory, [1] [2] is a theory of the atonement within Protestant Christian theology, which declares that Christ, voluntarily submitting to God the Father's plan, was punished (penalized) in the place of (substitution) sinners, thus satisfying the demands of justice and propitiation, so God ...

  8. Christus Victor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christus_Victor

    In his book, Aulén identifies three main types of atonement theories: [8] [9] The earliest was what Aulén called the "classic" view of the atonement, more commonly known as the ransom theory, or since Aulén's work, it is known sometimes as the "Christus Victor" theory: this is the theory that Adam and Eve made humanity subject to the Devil during the fall, and that God, in order to redeem ...

  9. Moral development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_development

    Moral affect is “emotion related to matters of right and wrong”. Such emotion includes shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride; shame is correlated with the disapproval by one's peers, guilt is correlated with the disapproval of oneself, embarrassment is feeling disgraced while in the public eye, and pride is a feeling generally brought about by a positive opinion of oneself when admired by ...