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The lunar south pole is located on the center of the polar Antarctic Circle (80°S to 90°S). [2] [4] (The axis spin is 88.5 degrees from the plane of the ecliptic.) The lunar south pole has shifted 5.5 degrees from its original position billions of years ago. [5]
Shackleton is an impact crater that lies at the lunar south pole. The peaks along the crater's rim are exposed to almost continual sunlight, while the interior is perpetually in shadow . The low-temperature interior of this crater functions as a cold trap that may capture and freeze volatiles shed during comet impacts on the Moon.
Cabeus is a lunar impact crater that is located about 100 km (62 mi) from the south pole of the Moon. [3] At this location the crater is seen obliquely from Earth, and it is almost perpetually in deep shadow due to lack of sunlight. Hence, not much detail can be seen of this crater, even from orbit.
Von Kármán is a large lunar impact crater that is located in the southern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. The crater is about 186 km (116 mi) in diameter and lies within an immense impact crater known as the South Pole–Aitken basin of roughly 2,500 km (1,600 mi) in diameter and 13 km (8.1 mi) deep. [ 1 ]
Lunar Orbiter 4 image (1967). Amundsen is a large lunar impact crater located near the south pole of the Moon, named after the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen.It lies along the southern lunar limb, and so is viewed from the side by an observer on the Earth.
Nobile is a lunar impact crater that is located near the southern pole of the Moon. It was named after the Italian aviator and explorer Umberto Nobile by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1994. [1] It lies to the south of the crater Scott, along the western rim of Amundsen.
The base to peak height of this flat-topped mountain is 6 km per altimetry data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. [1] [2] It lies between the craters Nobile and Malapert, within 6° of the lunar South Pole on the Moon's near-side. This is a region of special interest because of the presence of Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSRs) that could ...
Relay satellite to support future missions of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program targeting south pole region. [108] Tiandu satellites are launched with them to test communications for future lunar satellite constellation technologies. [109] 138: Chang'e 6: Chang'e 6 Orbiter: 3 May 2024 [110] Long March 5: CNSA: Orbiter: Success Chang'e 6 ...