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Structural psychology was concerned with mental contents while functionalism is concerned with mental operations. It is argued that structural psychology emanated from philosophy and remained closely allied to it, while functionalism has a close ally in biology. [4] William James is considered to be the founder of functional psychology. But he ...
William James in Brazil, 1865. William James was born at the Astor House in New York City on January 11, 1842. He was the son of Henry James Sr., a noted and independently wealthy Swedenborgian theologian well acquainted with the literary and intellectual elites of his day.
Homuncular functionalism was developed largely by Daniel Dennett and has been advocated by William Lycan. It arose in response to the challenges that Ned Block 's China Brain (a.k.a. Chinese nation) and John Searle 's Chinese room thought experiments presented for the more traditional forms of functionalism (see below under "Criticism").
The philosopher Edmund Husserl engages specifically with William James's work in many areas. Following Husserl, this work would also impact many other phenomenologists. [ 10 ] Furthermore, the Anglo-Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein read James's work and utilized it in his coursework for students, [ 11 ] though Wittgenstein held ...
Functionalism in international relations, a theory that arose during the inter-War period; Functional linguistics, a theoretical approach to the study of language; Functionalism (philosophy of mind), a theory of the mind in contemporary philosophy; Functionalism versus intentionalism, a historiographical debate about the origins of the Holocaust
1911 – The American Psychoanalytic Association (APsaA) was founded. 1911 – William McDougall, founder of Hormic Psychology published Body and Mind: A History and Defence of Animism, claiming that there is an animating principle in Nature and that the mind guides evolution.
In Carr's version of Functionalism, which he called the "American psychology," adaptation and learning effects are emphasized. He found psychology to be defined by mental activity. While he was known to be open to new ideas, he was hesitant to accept Watson's Behaviorism , especially as it opposed his ideas of Mentalism .
At Harvard, he began lifelong friendships with Francis Ellingwood Abbot, Chauncey Wright, and William James. [18] One of his Harvard instructors, Charles William Eliot, formed an unfavorable opinion of Peirce. This proved fateful, because Eliot, while President of Harvard (1869–1909—a period encompassing nearly all of Peirce's working life ...