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The CMYK color model is based on the CMY color model, which omits the black ink. Four-color printing uses black ink in addition to subtractive primaries for several reasons: [2] In traditional preparation of color separations, a red keyline on the black line art marked the outline of solid or tint color areas. In some cases a black keyline was ...
Another reason to use rich black for small areas of black is to avoid trapping issues. Rich black is often used for text printed over a picture or colored background, because otherwise any slight mis-registration between printing plates would produce a white or colored halo around the text, making it much harder to read. [2] [6] [7]
Overprinting refers to the process of printing one colour on top of another in reprographics.This is closely linked to the reprographic technique of 'trapping'.Another use of overprinting is to create a rich black (often regarded as a colour that is "blacker than black") by printing black over another dark colour.
The trap is not visible since the lighter color is spread underneath the—almost—opaque black. For the same reason, in many cases, black ink is set to "overprint" colors in the background, eliminating the more complex process of spreading or choking. Since black is a dark color, white gaps caused by misregistration are more visible.
Under color removal is used in process color printing. Black ink used to add details and darkness in shadowed areas is called a skeletal black. With current [as of?] ink technology, the total CMYK ink in the shadows refuses to stick after it reaches the dark shadows (usually above a 250% total CMYK coverage), and begins to peel off.
In printing, registration black is a black color that includes 100% of each of the process colors used. Typically these are cyan, magenta, yellow and black , [4] but if different colors are used, registration black marks are made with all of the colorants (inks). [4] Registration black is used for printing crop marks and registration marks ...
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This printing technique is referred to as CMYK (the "K" stands for key, a traditional word for the black printing plate). Today's digital printing methods do not have the restriction of a single color space that traditional CMYK processes do. Many presses can print from files that were ripped with images using either RGB or CMYK modes.