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  2. Code of Ur-Nammu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_Ur-Nammu

    The Code of Ur-Nammu is the oldest known surviving law code. It is from Mesopotamia and is written on tablets, in the Sumerian language c. 2100–2050 BCE . It contains strong statements of royal power like "I eliminated enmity, violence, and cries for justice."

  3. List of ancient legal codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ancient_legal_codes

    The following is a list of ancient legal codes in chronological order: Cuneiform law. The code of law found at Ebla (2400 BC) Code of Urukagina (2380–2360 BC) Code of Ur-Nammu, king of Ur (c. 2050 BC). Copies with slight variations found in Nippur, Sippar and Ur; Laws of Eshnunna (c. 1930 BC) [2] Code of Lipit-Ishtar (c. 1870 BC) [3 ...

  4. History of ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_ethics

    The epic poems that stand at the beginning of many world literatures, such as the Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh, Homer's Iliad and the Icelandic Eddas, portray a set of values that suit the strong leader of a small tribe. Valour and success are the principal qualities of a hero and are generally not constrained by moral considerations.

  5. Code of Hammurabi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi

    The Code was thought to be the earliest Mesopotamian law collection when it was rediscovered in 1902—for example, C. H. W. Johns' 1903 book was titled The Oldest Code of Laws in the World. [31] The English writer H. G. Wells included Hammurabi in the first volume of The Outline of History , and to Wells too the Code was "the earliest known ...

  6. Philosophy of human rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_human_rights

    One of the oldest Western philosophies on human rights is that they are a product of a natural law, stemming from different philosophical or religious grounds. Other theories hold that human rights codify moral behavior which is a human social product developed by a process of biological and social evolution (associated with Hume ).

  7. Normative ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normative_ethics

    Most traditional moral theories rest on principles that determine whether an action is right or wrong. Classical theories in this vein include utilitarianism, Kantianism, and some forms of contractarianism. These theories mainly offered the use of overarching moral principles to resolve difficult moral decisions. [citation needed]

  8. Dale's Code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale's_Code

    Lawes Divine, Morall, and Martiall [note 1], colloquially known as Dale's Code, is a governing document enacted in 1610 (then published in 1612) by the Deputy Governor of Virginia Thomas Dale. [2] The code, among other things, created a rather authoritarian system of government for the Colony of Virginia . [ 3 ]

  9. Hippocratic Oath - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocratic_Oath

    The oldest partial fragments of the oath date to circa AD 275. The oldest extant version dates to roughly the 10th–11th century, held in the Vatican Library. [2] A commonly cited version, dated to 1595, appears in Koine Greek with a Latin translation. [3] [4] In this translation, the author translates πεσσὸν to the Latin fœtum.