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The Chassepot (pronounced / ˈ ʃ æ s p oʊ / SHAS-poh), (French pronunciation:) officially known as Fusil modèle 1866, was a bolt-action military breechloading rifle.It is famous for having been the arm of the French forces in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871.
It was the most common infantry weapon of the Bavarian army in the Austro-Prussian war of 1866 and the Franco-Prussian war of 1870/71. Originally a muzzleloader, it was converted to breechloading in 1867, the so-called Lindner conversion. In 1869 the Bavarian army started to replace it with the Werder breechloader, but due to budgetary ...
At the start of the Franco-Prussian War, 462,000 German soldiers concentrated on the French frontier while only 270,000 French soldiers could be moved to face them, the French army having lost 100,000 stragglers before a shot was fired, through poor planning and administration. [34] This was partly due to the peacetime organisations of the armies.
Only 210 Reffye mitrailleuses were in existence at the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. Their field use was discontinued by the French Army after 1871. After the Gatling gun was replaced in service by newer recoil- or gas-operated weapons, multi-barrelled weapons fell into disuse for many decades.
Production was ramped up after the war against Austria and when the Franco-Prussian War broke out in 1870, the Prussian Army had 1,150,000 needle guns in its inventory. In 1867, Romania purchased 20,000 rifles and 11,000 carbines from the Prussian government. These were used to great effect in the Romanian War of Independence.
During the Franco-Prussian War, there were 11 Prussian artillery regiments, each with one horse, one reserve and three foot units. Each horse artillery unit comprised three batteries, each battery was equipped with six C64 guns, for a total of eighteen guns per unit.
The Franco-Prussian War in 1870 clearly demonstrated the need for up-to-date equipment in war time. A great military tradition and esprit de corps can be defeated by superior training, and in the case of that war, artillery. After the war, both Germany and France continued to improve their military technology.
Most of the conversion work had been accomplished by the time of the Franco-Prussian War. [1] By July 1870, roughly 358,000 rifles had been converted, while 1.4 million muzzleloaders stayed in their original configuration. [2] The ammunition was a center fire cartridge closely resembling a shortened 12 gauge shotgun shell.