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RailTopoModel is a systemic data model for describing the topology-based railway infrastructure as needed by various applications. The RailTopoModel has been initially developed under patronage of the International Union of Railways (UIC) and was released as International Railway Standard (IRS) 30100 in April 2016. [1]
In mathematics, particularly topology, an atlas is a concept used to describe a manifold. An atlas consists of individual charts that, roughly speaking, describe individual regions of the manifold. In general, the notion of atlas underlies the formal definition of a manifold and related structures such as vector bundles and other fiber bundles .
Model trains today are more realistic, in addition to being much more technologically advanced. Today modellers create model railway layouts, often recreating real locations and periods throughout history. The world's oldest working model railway is a model designed to train signalmen on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway.
Part of an HO scale model railroad layout. In model railroading, a layout is a diorama containing scale track for operating trains. The size of a layout varies, from small shelf-top designs to ones that fill entire rooms, basements, or whole buildings. Attention to modeling details such as structures and scenery is common. Simple layouts are ...
In terms of model railway operation, gauge 3 is the largest (standard gauge) scenic railway modelling scale, using a scale of 13.5 mm to the foot. The Gauge '3' Society represents this aspect of 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 -inch gauge railway modelling with both electric and live steam operation.
High rails on a model railway layout at the Convention of American Railroadfans in Switzerland, 2006. High rail (also called "hi-rail" and "hirail") is a phrase used in model railroading in North America, mostly in O scale and S scale, to describe a "compromise" form of modelling that strives for realism while accepting the compromises in scale associated with toy train equipment.
In the same scale standard-gauge trains are modelled on 16.5 mm (0.65 in) gauge track, known as H0. Narrow-gauge trains are usually modelled on 9 mm (0.354 in) gauge track which is known as H0e and industrial minimum-gauge lines are modelled on 6.5 mm (0.256 in) gauge track known as H0f gauge.
3 ft (914 mm) gauge was the narrow gauge used in Ireland, and the gauge of almost all the railways on the Isle of Man. It was also used on a handful of railways in Britain. However modelling these 3 ft gauge railways is very much a minority pursuit, especially when compared with other prototypes such as the Welsh 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge ...