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Dry conducted one of the early researches using macroencapsulation, proposing polypropylene and glass fibers with a mono- or multicomponent methyl methacrylate core for healing concrete cracks. [24] The selection of the fibers was prompted by the combination of mechanical strengthening, crack sealing, and a cost-effective encapsulating technique.
When a reinforced concrete member is put in tension, after cracking, the member elongates by widening of cracks and by formation of new cracks. Figure 1 Formation of internal cracks Ignoring the small elastic strain in the concrete between the cracks, we can relate the crack width to the strain of the member by:
Concrete fracture analysis is part of fracture mechanics that studies crack propagation and related failure modes in concrete. [17] As it is widely used in construction, fracture analysis and modes of reinforcement are an important part of the study of concrete, and different concretes are characterized in part by their fracture properties. [ 18 ]
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Example of flat piece of concrete having dislodged with corroded rebar underneath, Welland River bridge across Queen Elizabeth Way in Niagara Falls, Ontario. The expansion of the corrosion products (iron oxides) of carbon steel reinforcement structures may induce internal mechanical stress (tensile stress) that cause the formation of cracks and disrupt the concrete structure.
For the situation where the plate is large compared to the size of the crack and the location of the force is relatively close to the crack, i.e., , , , , the plate can be considered infinite. In that case, for the stress intensity factors for F x {\displaystyle F_{x}} at crack tip B ( x = a {\displaystyle x=a} ) are [ 11 ] [ 12 ]
The J-integral represents a way to calculate the strain energy release rate, or work per unit fracture surface area, in a material. [1] The theoretical concept of J-integral was developed in 1967 by G. P. Cherepanov [2] and independently in 1968 by James R. Rice, [3] who showed that an energetic contour path integral (called J) was independent of the path around a crack.
A crack growth equation is used for calculating the size of a fatigue crack growing from cyclic loads. The growth of a fatigue crack can result in catastrophic failure, particularly in the case of aircraft. When many growing fatigue cracks interact with one another it is known as widespread fatigue damage. A crack growth equation can be used to ...