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The rhombus has a square as a special case, and is a special case of a kite and parallelogram. In plane Euclidean geometry , a rhombus ( pl. : rhombi or rhombuses ) is a quadrilateral whose four sides all have the same length.
A rhombus is an orthodiagonal quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides (that is, an orthodiagonal quadrilateral that is also a parallelogram). A square is a limiting case of both a kite and a rhombus. Orthodiagonal quadrilaterals that are also equidiagonal quadrilaterals are called midsquare quadrilaterals. [2]
A convex equilateral pentagon can be described by two consecutive angles, which together determine the other angles. However, equilateral pentagons, and equilateral polygons with more than five sides, can also be concave, and if concave pentagons are allowed then two angles are no longer sufficient to determine the shape of the pentagon.
Additionally, if a convex kite is not a rhombus, there is a circle outside the kite that is tangent to the extensions of the four sides; therefore, every convex kite that is not a rhombus is an ex-tangential quadrilateral. The convex kites that are not rhombi are exactly the quadrilaterals that are both tangential and ex-tangential. [16]
Another geometric proof proceeds as follows: We start with the figure shown in the first diagram below, a large square with a smaller square removed from it. The side of the entire square is a, and the side of the small removed square is b. The area of the shaded region is . A cut is made, splitting the region into two rectangular pieces, as ...
A square can also be defined as a parallelogram with equal diagonals that bisect the angles. If a figure is both a rectangle (right angles) and a rhombus (equal edge lengths), then it is a square. A square has a larger area than any other quadrilateral with the same perimeter. [7]
Any square, rectangle, isosceles trapezoid, or antiparallelogram is cyclic. A kite is cyclic if and only if it has two right angles – a right kite.A bicentric quadrilateral is a cyclic quadrilateral that is also tangential and an ex-bicentric quadrilateral is a cyclic quadrilateral that is also ex-tangential.
A cube is a special case of a trigonal trapezohedron, since a square is a special case of a rhombus.. A gyroelongated triangular bipyramid constructed with equilateral triangles can also be seen as a trigonal trapezohedron when its coplanar triangles are merged into rhombi.