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Multiple sclerosis, for example, is typically associated with people of European descent, but due to admixture African Americans have elevated levels of the disorder relative to Africans. [82] Some diseases and physiological variables vary depending upon their admixture ratios. Examples include measures of insulin functioning [83] and obesity. [84]
The following are lists of animal diseases: This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (February 2021) List of aquarium diseases;
Pages in category "Lists of animal diseases" The following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Articles about diseases and disorders which affect animals also. Pages in this category should be moved to subcategories where applicable. This category may require frequent maintenance to avoid becoming too large.
A physiological race may be an ecotype, part of a species that is adapted to a different local habitat, defined even by a specific food source. [15] Parasitic species, often tied to no geographic location, frequently have races that are adapted to different hosts, [14] [16] but difficult to distinguish chromosomally. [17]
For example, the human body louse transmits the bacterium Rickettsia prowazekii which causes epidemic typhus. Although invertebrate-transmitted diseases pose a particular threat on the continents of Africa, Asia and South America, there is one way of controlling invertebrate-borne diseases, which is by controlling the invertebrate vector.
Even when controlling for socioeconomic status, racial divides in health persist. For example, Black Americans with college degrees have worse health outcomes than White and Hispanic Americans who have high school diplomas. [24] Studies on heart disease mortality have found that gaps between Black and White Americans exist at every education level.
Scientists Michael Yudell, Dorothy Roberts, Rob DeSalle, and Sarah Tishkoff argue that using these associations in the practice of medicine has led doctors to overlook or misidentify disease: "For example, hemoglobinopathies can be misdiagnosed because of the identification of sickle-cell as a 'Black' disease and thalassemia as a 'Mediterranean ...