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The programme carried out six crewed spaceflights between 1961 and 1963. The program was the first program to put humans into space, with Yuri Gagarin becoming the first man in space on April 12, 1961, aboard the Vostok 1. [79] Gherman Titov became the first person to stay in orbit for a full day on August 7, 1961, aboard the Vostok 2. [80]
The first example of such was the North American X-15 spaceplane, which conducted two crewed flights which reached an altitude of over 100 kilometres (62 mi) in the 1960s. This first reusable spacecraft was air-launched on a suborbital trajectory on July 19, 1963. The first reusable orbital spaceplane was the Space Shuttle orbiter.
The R-7 launched the first satellite, Sputnik 1, and later Yuri Gagarin, the first man into space, and the first lunar and planetary probes. This rocket is still in use today. These prestigious events attracted the attention of top politicians, along with additional funds for further research.
Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky (Russian: Константин Эдуардович Циолковский, IPA: [kənstɐnʲˈtʲin ɪdʊˈardəvʲɪtɕ tsɨɐlˈkofskʲɪj] ⓘ; 17 September [O.S. 5 September] 1857 – 19 September 1935) [1] was a Russian rocket scientist who pioneered astronautics.
Robert Hutchings Goddard (October 5, 1882 – August 10, 1945) [1] was an American engineer, professor, physicist, and inventor who is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket, which was successfully launched on March 16, 1926. [2]
1988 - EU Ariane 4, first launch of the Ariane 4 rocket. [25] 1996 - EU Ariane 5, first flight of the Ariane 5 rocket, self-destructed in flight. After that, Ariane 5 will be the main European rocket for decades. [26] 1998 - US Deep Space 1 is first deep space mission to use an ion thruster for propulsion.
Wan Hu is a legendary Chinese official described in modern sources as possibly the first man to attempt to use a rocket to launch into outer space. [1] Possibly depicted as the "world's first astronaut" [2] and "the first martyr in man's struggle to achieve space flight", [3] NASA named the crater Wan-Hoo on the far side of the Moon after him.
First interplanetary flight, contact lost en route, before it performed the first flyby at another planet. April 27 US: Explorer 11: Juno II: Earth Partial success: Was the first space-borne gamma-ray telescope. Limited Battery Power caused the data collection to only be in the ascension stage. August 16 US: Explorer 12 (EPE-A) Thor-Delta A: Earth