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In JPEG, 4:4:2 and 4:2:1 half the vertical resolution of Cb compared to 4:4:4 and 4:4:0. [19] In another version of 4:2:1, Cb horizontal resolution is half that of Cr (and a quarter of the horizontal resolution of Y). 4:1:0.5 or 4:1:0.25 are variants of 4:1:0 with reduced horizontal resolution on Cb, similar to VHS quality.
The High Throughput 4:4:4 profile allows for a bit depth of 8 bits per sample with support for 4:0:0, 4:2:0, 4:2:2, and 4:4:4 chroma sampling. The High Throughput 4:4:4 profile has an HbrFactor 6 times higher than most inter frame HEVC profiles allowing it to have a maximum bit rate 6 times higher than the Main 4:4:4 profile.
The HEVC standard defines thirteen levels. [1] [2] A level is a set of constraints for a bitstream.[1] [2] For levels below level 4 only the Main tier is allowed.[1] [2] A decoder that conforms to a given tier/level is required to be capable of decoding all bitstreams that are encoded for that tier/level and for all lower tiers/levels.
This version added the High, High 10, High 4:2:2, and High 4:4:4 profiles. [14] After a few years, the High profile became the most commonly used profile of the standard. Version 4 (Edition 2.1): (September 13, 2005) Corrigendum containing various minor corrections and adding three aspect ratio indicators.
Depending on subsampling, the formats can largely be described as 4:4:4, 4:2:2, and 4:2:0p. The apostrophe after the Y is often omitted, as is the "p" (for planar) after YUV420p. In terms of actual file formats, 4:2:0 is the most common, as the data is more reduced, and the file extension is usually ".YUV".
The update includes native encoding of 4:2:2 and 4:2:0 formats in six-pixel containers, 14/16 bits per color, and minor modifications to the encoding algorithm. On 4 January 2017, HDMI 2.1 was announced which supports up to 10K resolution and uses DSC 1.2 for video that is higher than 8K resolution with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling .
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC or H.265) defines the Main 10 profile, which allows for 8 or 10 bits per sample with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling. [2] [4] [5] [30] [31] The Main 10 profile was added at the October 2012 HEVC meeting based on proposal JCTVC-K0109 which proposed that a 10-bit profile be added to HEVC for consumer applications. [5 ...
The color encoding system is known as YCbCr 4:2:2. The Rec. 601 video raster format has been re-used in a number of later standards, including the ISO/IEC MPEG and ITU-T H.26x compressed formats, although compressed formats for consumer applications usually use chroma subsampling reduced from the 4:2:2 sampling specified in Rec. 601 to 4:2:0.