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  2. Ö - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ö

    ] O-diaeresis was written as an o with two dots above the letter. O-umlaut was written as an o with a small e written above in cursive old German (Gothic) script (Oͤ oͤ): this minute e is represented by two vertical bars connected by a slanted line, which then degenerated to two vertical bars in early modern handwritings. In most later ...

  3. Umlaut (diacritic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umlaut_(diacritic)

    Umlaut (/ ˈʊmlaʊt /) is a name for the two dots diacritical mark ( ̈) as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters ä , ö , and ü ) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example [a], [ɔ], and [ʊ] as [ɛ], [œ], and [ʏ]). (The term Germanic umlaut is ...

  4. Two dots (diacritic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_dots_(diacritic)

    Diacritical marks of two dots ¨, placed side-by-side over or under a letter, are used in several languages for several different purposes. The most familiar to English-language speakers are the diaeresis and the umlaut, though there are numerous others. For example, in Albanian, ë represents a schwa.

  5. German alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_alphabet

    German words which come from Latin words with c before e, i, y, ae, oe are usually pronounced with (/ts/) and spelled with z. The letter q in German only ever appears in the sequence qu (/kv/), with the exception of loanwords, e.g., Coq au vin or Qigong (which is also written Chigong). The letter x (Ix, /ɪks/) occurs almost exclusively in ...

  6. German orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_orthography

    In German Kurrent writing, the superscripted e was simplified to two vertical dashes (as the Kurrent e consists largely of two short vertical strokes), which have further been reduced to dots in both handwriting and German typesetting. Although the two dots of umlaut look like those in the diaeresis (trema), the two have different origins and ...

  7. Ä - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ä

    Ä in German Sign Language. A similar glyph, A with umlaut, appears in the German alphabet. It represents the umlauted form of a (when short), resulting in (or for many speakers) in the case of the long and in the case of the short . In German, it is called Ä (pronounced ) or Umlaut-Ä [citation needed].

  8. Ü - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ü

    Ü (lowercase ü) is a Latin script character composed of the letter U and the diaeresis diacritical mark. In some alphabets such as those of a number of Romance languages or Guarani it denotes an instance of regular U to be construed in isolation from adjacent characters with which it would usually form a larger unit; other alphabets like the Azerbaijani, Estonian, German, Hungarian and ...

  9. Germanic umlaut - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_umlaut

    The Germanic umlaut (sometimes called i-umlaut or i-mutation) is a type of linguistic umlaut in which a back vowel changes to the associated front vowel (fronting) or a front vowel becomes closer to / i / (raising) when the following syllable contains /i/, /iː/, or / j /. It took place separately in various Germanic languages starting around ...