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Extent of colonization by European, American, Ottoman, and Japanese powers, 1492-1991. Map of the year each country achieved independence. The historical phenomenon of colonization is one that stretches around the globe and across time. Ancient and medieval colonialism was practiced by the Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Turks, Han Chinese, and Arabs.
European colonizationof the Americas. During the Age of Discovery, a large scale colonization of the Americas, involving a number of European countries, took place primarily between the late 15th century and the early 19th century. The Norse explored and colonized areas of Europe and the North Atlantic, colonizing Greenland and creating a short ...
1576: Spanish found León de los Aldama. 1576: Martin Frobisher reaches the coast of Labrador and Baffin Island. 1579: Sir Francis Drake claims New Albion. 1583: England formally claims Newfoundland (Humphrey Gilbert). 1585: Roanoke Colony founded by English on Roanoke Island, North Carolina, failed in 1587.
Western European colonialism and colonization was the Western European policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over other societies and territories, founding a colony, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. [1][2] For example, colonial policies, such as the type of rule implemented, [3] the nature ...
The colonial history of the United States covers the period of European colonization of North America from the early 16th century until the incorporation of the Thirteen Colonies into the United States in 1776 during the Revolutionary War. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain, and the Dutch Republic launched major colonization ...
The first wave of European colonization began with Spanish and Portuguese conquests and explorations, and primarily involved the European colonization of the Americas, though it also included the establishment of European colonies in India and in Maritime Southeast Asia. During this period, European interests in Africa primarily focused on the ...
Subsequent major European colonial empires included the French, Dutch, and British. The latter, consolidated during the period of British maritime hegemony in the 19th century, became the largest empire in history because of the improved ocean transportation technologies of the time as well as electronic communication.
1470 – Cape Palmas is passed. [3] 1472 – Fernão do Pó lands on the island of Bioko. [4] 1473 – Lopo Gonçalves is the first European sailor to cross the Equator. [3][4] 1474–75 – Ruy de Sequeira discovers São Tomé and Príncipe. [4] 1482 – Diogo Cão reaches the Congo River, where he erects a padrão ("pillar of stone").