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On July 22, 2020, the U.S. government placed a conditional advance-purchase order of $2 billion with Pfizer to manufacture 100 million doses of a COVID-19 vaccine, with an option for 500 million more, for use in the United States if the vaccine was shown to be safe, effective, licensed, and authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
e. The Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID‑19 vaccine, sold under the brand names Covishield[ 31 ] and Vaxzevria[ 1 ][ 32 ] among others, is a viral vector vaccine for the prevention of COVID-19. It was developed in the United Kingdom by Oxford University and British-Swedish company AstraZeneca, [ 33 ][ 34 ][ 35 ] using as a vector the modified ...
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the virus that causes COVID-19, was isolated in late 2019. [1] Its genetic sequence was published on 11 January 2020, triggering an urgent international response to prepare for an outbreak and hasten the development of a preventive COVID-19 vaccine. [2][3][4] Since 2020, vaccine ...
Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccine mandates have been enacted by numerous states and municipalities in the United States, and also by private entities. In September 2021, President Joe Biden announced that the federal government would take steps to mandate COVID-19 vaccination for certain entities under the authority of ...
The COVID-19 vaccination campaign in the United States is an ongoing mass immunization campaign for the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first granted emergency use authorization to the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine on December 10, 2020, [7] and mass vaccinations began four days later.
The CureVac COVID-19 vaccine (abbreviated CVnCoV) was a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by CureVac N.V. and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). [2] The vaccine showed inadequate results in its Phase III trials with only 47% efficacy. [3] In October 2021 CureVac abandoned further development and production plans for ...
An mRNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that uses a copy of a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce an immune response. [1] The vaccine delivers molecules of antigen-encoding mRNA into cells, which use the designed mRNA as a blueprint to build foreign protein that would normally be produced by a pathogen (such as a virus) or by a cancer ...
Technology. The vaccine consists of a version of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS‑CoV‑2 spike protein, together with the adjuvants aluminium hydroxide gel and CpG 1018. [2] As the RBD protein is poorly immunogenic alone, adjuvantation is essential for a RBD-based vaccine immunogenicity. [9] Researchers at the Precision Vaccine ...