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Blood pressure measurement. A medical student checking blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Arterial blood pressure is most commonly measured via a sphygmomanometer, which historically used the height of a column of mercury to reflect the circulating pressure. [1] Blood pressure values are generally reported in millimetres ...
Blood pressure measurements can be influenced by circumstances of measurement. [10] Guidelines use different thresholds for office (also known as clinic), home (when the person measures their own blood pressure at home), and ambulatory blood pressure (using an automated device over a 24-hour period).
A Comparison of International Guidelines on Goal Blood Pressure and Initial Therapy for Adults With Hypertension (adapted from JNC 8 guidelines [1]) BP >140/90: Two from different classes: preferably RAS -inhibitor (ACEI or ARB) with either thiazide diuretic / thiazide-like diuretic or dihydropyridine CCB. Abbreviations:
Under the newer guidelines, blood pressure levels should be calculated with an average of two to three readings over at least two separate occasions. Normal is considered less than 120/80 mmHg.
Management of hypertension. Hypertension is managed using lifestyle modification and antihypertensive medications. Hypertension is usually treated to achieve a blood pressure of below 140/90 mmHg to 160/100 mmHg. According to one 2003 review, reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34% and of ischaemic heart ...
For an accurate diagnosis of hypertension to be made, it is essential for proper blood pressure measurement technique to be used. [80] Improper measurement of blood pressure is common and can change the blood pressure reading by up to 10 mmHg, which can lead to misdiagnosis and misclassification of hypertension. [80]