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[1] [4] Once conditions become more favorable for growth, the akinete can then germinate back into a vegetative cell. [5] Increased light intensity, nutrients availability, oxygen availability, and changes in salinity are important triggers for germination. [5] In comparison to vegetative cells, akinetes are generally larger.
Over the winter Gloeotrichia forms dormant cells called akinetes that germinate and begin to form colonies when temperatures begin to increase. [7] As these cells grow, they uptake nutrients like P. However, they generally uptake more nutrients than they need and store it for later use for when they migrate to the nutrient deplete epilimnion.
Their cell size varies from less than 1 μm in diameter (picocyanobacteria) up to 100 μm (some tropical forms in the genus Oscillatoria) [39] [40] [41] Filamentous forms exhibit functional cell differentiation such as heterocysts (for nitrogen fixation), akinetes (resting stage cells), and hormogonia (reproductive, motile filaments). These ...
Once a heterocyst has formed it cannot revert to a vegetative cell. Certain heterocyst-forming bacteria can differentiate into spore-like cells called akinetes or motile cells called hormogonia, making them the most phenotypically versatile of all prokaryotes.
The fixed carbon and nitrogen sources are exchanged through channels between the cells in the filament. C. raciborskii does maintain photosystem I, allowing it to generate ATP by cyclic photophosphorylation. The mechanism of controlling this nitrogen fixation pathway is thought to involve the diffusion of an inhibitor of differentiation called ...
Kidney and nerve tissue cells can form memories much like brain cells, one new study has found. Another recent study says that memories of obesity stored in fat tissue may be partly responsible ...
Red blood cells grown in a laboratory have been transfused in to a person in a world first clinical trial. Scientists say that if proved safe and effective, manufactured blood cells could ...
The classic taxonomic criterion has been the cell morphology and the plane of cell division. In Pleurocapsales, the cells have the ability to form internal spores (baeocytes). The rest of the sections include filamentous species. In Oscillatoriales, the cells are uniseriately arranged and do not form specialized cells (akinetes and heterocysts ...