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Electronic fluency devices can be divided into two basic categories: Computerized feedback devices provide feedback on the physiological control of respiration and phonation, including loudness, vocal intensity and breathing patterns. [1] Altered auditory feedback (AAF) devices alter the speech signal so that speakers hear their voices differently.
Voice activity detection (VAD), also known as speech activity detection or speech detection, is the detection of the presence or absence of human speech, used in speech processing. [1] The main uses of VAD are in speaker diarization , speech coding and speech recognition . [ 2 ]
Speech recognition is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enable the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers. It is also known as automatic speech recognition (ASR), computer speech recognition or speech-to-text (STT).
The most common device is a handheld, battery-operated device pressed against the skin under the mandible which produces vibrations to allow speech; [1] other variations include a device similar to the "talk box" electronic music device, which delivers the basis of the speech sound via a tube placed in the mouth. [2]
Linear predictive coding (LPC) is a speech coding method used in speaker recognition and speech verification. [citation needed] Ambient noise levels can impede both collections of the initial and subsequent voice samples. Noise reduction algorithms can be employed to improve accuracy, but incorrect application can have the opposite effect.
Subvocal recognition (SVR) is the process of taking subvocalization and converting the detected results to a digital output, aural or text-based. [1] A silent speech interface is a device that allows speech communication without using the sound made when people vocalize their speech sounds.
Nursing ethics is a branch of applied ethics that concerns itself with activities in the field of nursing. Nursing ethics shares many principles with medical ethics , such as beneficence , non-maleficence , and respect for autonomy .
The use of synthesized speech has increased due to the creation of software that takes advantage of the user's existing computers and smartphones. AAC apps like Spoken or Avaz are available on Android and iOS, providing a way to use a speech-generating device without having to visit a doctor's office or learn to use specialized machinery. In ...