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Personality disorders are a type of mental disorder characterized by maladaptive thoughts and behaviors, and are split into three clusters. Cluster B includes antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder.
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The DSM-5 split PD-NOS into two diagnoses: Other Specified Personality Disorder and Unspecified Personality Disorder.They share the general criteria for personality disorders, but let clinicians specify why the presentation does not meet the criteria for any specific personality disorder (e.g. mixed personality features).
There is also an additional category called personality difficulty , which can be used to describe personality traits that are problematic, but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for a PD. A personality disorder or difficulty can be specified by one or more prominent personality traits or patterns . The ICD-11 uses five trait domains:
Dimensional models are intended to reflect what constitutes personality disorder symptomology according to a spectrum, rather than in a dichotomous way.As a result of this they have been used in three key ways; firstly to try to generate more accurate clinical diagnoses, secondly to develop more effective treatments and thirdly to determine the underlying etiology of disorders.
Histrionic personality disorder; Dramatic behavior is a key marker of histrionic personality disorder: Specialty: Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry: Symptoms: Persistent attention seeking, dramatic behavior, rapidly shifting and shallow emotions, sexually provocative behavior, undetailed style of speech, and a tendency to consider relationships more intimate than they actually are.
Idealization by Edvard Munch (1903), who is presumed to have had borderline personality disorder [6] [7]: Specialty: Psychiatry, clinical psychology: Symptoms: Unstable relationships, distorted sense of self, and intense emotions; impulsivity; recurrent suicidal and self-harming behavior; fear of abandonment; chronic feelings of emptiness; inappropriate anger; dissociation [8] [9]
The Type A and Type B personality concept describes two contrasting personality types.In this hypothesis, personalities that are more competitive, highly organized, ambitious, impatient, highly aware of time management, or aggressive are labeled Type A, while more relaxed, "receptive", less "neurotic" and "frantic" personalities are labeled Type B.