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Normal horse teeth. A young horse with a parrot mouth. An equine malocclusion is a misalignment between the upper and lower jaws of a horse or other equine.It results in a faulty bite with the upper and lower teeth failing to meet correctly. [1]
Other symptoms include swelling of the lymph nodes under the jaw, and levelled swelling above the eyes. This form does not have as much swelling on the brain as the Cardiac form, the swelling is mostly around the organs [citation needed] Cardiac form. Replication cycle of African horse sickness virus (AHSV)
Guatemalan horse with compression of the lower jaw, caused by the rider's hands on the reins connected to its chain bit. Like all mammals, the horse has a conscious experience of pain, [1] which it seeks to avoid in favor of comfort. [2] This sensation of pain is triggered by a noxious stimulus. [3]
Equine lymphangitis is an inflammation or swelling associated with impairment of the lymphatic system, particularly in a limb, in horses.It is most commonly a bacterial infection, although bacterial culture may be negative.
As vector patterns change with warming temperatures, C. pseudotuberculosis in horses is re-emerging in the United States. [2] This bacterial species has caused occasional cases of infection in people who work closely with infected small ruminants, resulting in similar swellings of the lymph nodes in the neck and groin.
Strangles (also called equine distemper) is a contagious upper respiratory tract infection of horses and other equines caused by a Gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus equi. [1] As a result, the lymph nodes swell, compressing the pharynx, larynx, and trachea, and can cause airway obstruction leading to death, hence the name strangles. [2]
Due to the general inaccessibility of the pouches in horses, they can be an area of infection by fungi and bacteria, and these infections can be extremely severe and hard to treat. The condition guttural pouch tympany affects several breeds, including the Arabian horse. The condition predisposes young horses to infection, often including severe ...
Horses also have three pairs of salivary glands: the parotoid (largest salivary gland and located near the poll), mandibular (located in the jaw), and sublingual (located under the tongue). Horses select pieces of forage and pick up finer foods, such as grain, with their sensitive, prehensile lips .