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April 16, 1178 BC: a solar eclipse may mark the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom after the Trojan War. [3] He discovers a number of suitors competing to marry his wife Penelope, whom they believe to be a widow, in order to succeed him on the throne. He organizes their slaying and re-establishes himself on the throne.
c. 1200 BC: Final destruction of the major Mycenian city excavated at Iklaina. c. 1200 BC: The Cimmerians are conjectured to have started settling the steppes of southern Russia. c. 1200 BC: The proto-Scythian Srubna (Timber-grave) culture expands from the lower Volga region to cover the whole of the North Pontic area. c. 1200 BC: Olmec culture ...
The Late Bronze Age collapse was a period of societal collapse in the Mediterranean basin during the 12th century BC. It is thought to have affected much of the Eastern Mediterranean and Near East, in particular Egypt, Anatolia, the Aegean, eastern Libya, and the Balkans.
The creation of a literalist chronology of the Bible faces several hurdles, of which the following are the most significant: . There are different texts of the Jewish Bible, the major text-families being: the Septuagint, a Greek translation of the original Hebrew scriptures made in the last few centuries before Christ; the Masoretic text, a version of the Hebrew text curated by the Jewish ...
The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew (with parts of Nehemiah and Daniel in Aramaic).In the 3rd or 2nd century BC, the Septuagint [a] translation of the Old Testament into Koine Greek was completed in Alexandria, Egypt and thenceforth used by Jews who spoke Greek as their primary language.
The intertestamental period or deuterocanonical period (Catholic and Eastern Orthodox) is the period of time between the events of the protocanonical books and the New Testament. It is considered to cover roughly 400 years, spanning from the ministry of Malachi (c. 420 BC) to the appearance of John the Baptist in the early 1st century AD.
Two investiture controversies ended in the 12th century, both concerning whether secular or religious authorities could appoint bishops. One was between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, which ran from 1076 (starting between Pope Gregory VII and Emperor Henry IV) until 1122, when Pope Callixtus II and Emperor Henry V agreed on the Concordat of Worms.
Melqart stele – (9th–8th century BC) William F. Albright identifies Bar-hadad with Ben-hadad I, who was a contemporary of the biblical Asa and Baasha. Ostraca House – (probably about 850 BC, at least prior to 750 BC) 64 legible ostraca found in the treasury of Ahab – written in early Hebrew.