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PIE binaries are used in some security-focused Linux distributions to allow PaX or Exec Shield to use address space layout randomization (ASLR) to prevent attackers from knowing where existing executable code is during a security attack using exploits that rely on knowing the offset of the executable code in the binary, such as return-to-libc ...
The Common Object File Format (COFF) is a format for executable, object code, and shared library computer files used on Unix systems. It was introduced in Unix System V, replaced the previously used a.out format, and formed the basis for extended specifications such as XCOFF and ECOFF, before being largely replaced by ELF, introduced with SVR4.
Many executable binary formats An ELF file has two views: the program header shows the segments used at run time, whereas the section header lists the set of sections . In computing , the Executable and Linkable Format [ 2 ] ( ELF , formerly named Extensible Linking Format ) is a common standard file format for executable files, object code ...
Linux kernels load PIE executables right after their libraries; as a result, there is a fixed offset between the executable and the library functions. If an attacker finds a way to find the address of a function in the executable, the library addresses are also known. They demonstrated an attack that finds the address in fewer than 400 tries.
This includes the base address of the program itself, shared libraries (DLLs), and memory areas like the heap and stack. ASLR rearranges the address space positions of key data areas of a process, including the base of the executable and the positions of the stack, heap and libraries. By randomizing these memory addresses each time the process ...
In computer security, executable-space protection marks memory regions as non-executable, such that an attempt to execute machine code in these regions will cause an exception. It makes use of hardware features such as the NX bit (no-execute bit), or in some cases software emulation of those features.
Executable code, an executable file, or an executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, is a list of instructions and data to cause a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions", [1] as opposed to a data file that must be interpreted by a program to be meaningful.
In computer science, executable code, an executable file, or an executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, causes a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions", [2] as opposed to a data file that must be interpreted by an interpreter to be functional. [3]