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Thromboplastin is sometimes used as a synonym for the protein tissue factor (with its official name "Coagulation factor III [thromboplastin, tissue factor]"). Historically, thromboplastin was a lab reagent, usually derived from placental sources, used to assay prothrombin times (PT). [3] When manipulated in the laboratory, a derivative could be ...
Tissue factor, also called platelet tissue factor or Coagulation factor III, [5] is a protein present in subendothelial tissue and leukocytes which plays a major role in coagulation and, in humans, is encoded by F3 gene. Its role in the blood clotting is the initiation of thrombin formation from the zymogen prothrombin.
An alternative name for the factor is plasma thromboplastin component, given by an independent group in California. [66] Hageman factor, now known as factor XII, was identified in 1955 in an asymptomatic patient with a prolonged bleeding time named of John Hageman. Factor X, or Stuart-Prower factor, followed, in 1956.
Factor XI (FXI) is produced by the liver and circulates as a homo-dimer in its inactive form. [9] The plasma half-life of FXI is approximately 52 hours. The zymogen factor is activated into factor XIa by factor XIIa (FXIIa), thrombin, and FXIa itself; due to its activation by FXIIa, FXI is a member of the "contact pathway" (which includes HMWK, prekallikrein, factor XII, factor XI, and factor IX).
Each molecule of Factor Xa can generate 1000 molecules of thrombin. This large burst of thrombin is responsible for fibrin polymerization to form a thrombus. Factor Xa also plays a role in other biological processes that are not directly related to coagulation, like wound healing, tissue remodelling, inflammation, angiogenesis and atherosclerosis.
Clotting time is a general term for the time required for a sample of blood to form a clot, or, in medical terms, coagulate.The term "clotting time" is often used when referring to tests such as the prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT or PTT), activated clotting time (ACT), thrombin time (TT), or Reptilase time.
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Coagulation activation markers are biomarkers of net activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis. [1] [2] Examples include prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT), fibrinopeptide A (FpA), fibrin monomers (FMs), plasmin-α 2-antiplasmin complex (PAP), activated protein C–protein C inhibitor (APC-PCI), and D-dimer (DD).