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The High Five in Dallas, Texas.This is a complicated five-level stack interchange, due to the proximity of frontage roads and segregated high-occupancy vehicle lanes.This hybrid design is based on parts of a four-level stack for highways, with a three-level-diamond interchange to handle the frontage roads.
A directional interchange is a grade separated junction between two roads where all turns that require crossing over or under the opposite road's lanes of travel to complete the turn utilize ramps that make a direct or semi-direct connection. The difference between direct and semi-direct connections is how much the motorist deviates from the ...
Diamond interchange An interchange between a freeway and a minor road where the off-ramp diverges only slightly from the freeway and runs directly across the minor road at an at-grade intersection, becoming an on-ramp that returns to the freeway in similar fashion. Directional interchange. See stack interchange. Distributor road. See collector road
East Los Angeles Interchange; El Toro Y, at convergence of I-405 with I-5, in El Toro, California. This was thought to be one of the most congested interchanges in the world at one time. Four Level Interchange (1949), US 101 & SR 110; Hollywood Split; Joe Colla Interchange; Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange, I-110 and I-105; Kellogg Interchange ...
Marohn distinguishes between roads that are designed for mobility which he terms "roads" and those that function to "build a place", build community wealth and provide access to land. He argues the value of a road in terms of both community wealth and mobility is maximised when the road speed is either low or high, but not at midpoints such as ...
Major arterial roads will often have partial access control, meaning that side roads will intersect the main road at grade, instead of using interchanges, but driveways may not connect directly to the main road, and drivers must use intersecting roads to access adjacent land. At arterial junctions with relatively quiet side roads, traffic is ...
A typical freeway-over SPUI. This example, near Orlando, has since been demolished. California State Route 87 at Taylor Street, a freeway-under SPUI. A SPUI is similar in form to a diamond interchange but has the advantage of allowing opposing left turns to proceed simultaneously by compressing the two intersections of a diamond into one single intersection over or under the free-flowing road.
This is usually due to the lack of an old highway, the need to provide access to property that was accessed via the road prior to its upgrade to an Interstate, and the high cost to construct an interchange for the small amount of traffic that would use such a connection or to build a frontage road parallel to the freeway to the nearest interchange.