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Diagnosis of thyroiditis depends on the specific cause and clinical context. When the initial presentation is thyrotoxicosis, work-up will include causes of thyroiditis as well as causes of hyperthyroidism. In some types of thyroiditis, a physical exam may reveal an enlarged thyroid and/or tenderness to palpation.
Acute infectious thyroiditis (AIT) also known as suppurative thyroiditis, microbial inflammatory thyroiditis, pyrogenic thyroiditis and bacterial thyroiditis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The thyroid is normally very resistant to infection.
The causes of Hashimoto's thyroiditis are complex. Around 80% of the risk of developing an autoimmune thyroid disorder is due to genetic factors, while the remaining 20% is related to environmental factors (such as iodine, drugs, infection, stress, radiation). [26]
This causes the receptor to activate even without TSH being present and causes the thyroid to produce and release excess thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). [4] Another common form of autoimmune thyroid disease is Hashimoto's thyroiditis where the body produces antibodies against different normal components of the thyroid gland, most commonly ...
De Quervain's thyroiditis, also known as subacute granulomatous thyroiditis or giant cell thyroiditis, is a self-limiting inflammatory illness of the thyroid gland. [1] De Quervain thyroiditis is characterized by fever , flu-like symptoms , a painful goiter , and neck pain .
In subacute granulomatous thyroiditis, there is infiltration of neutrophils and other immune cells which cause damage to the thyroid follicular cells. The damage leads to formation of granulomas with multi-nucleated giant cells and associated fibrosis.