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Historically, all library linking was static, but today dynamic linking is an alternative and entails inherent trade-offs.. An advantage of static over dynamic is that the application is guaranteed to have the library routines it requires available at run-time, as the code to those routines is embedded in the executable file.
An illustration of the linking process. Object files and static libraries are assembled into a new library or executable. A linker or link editor is a computer program that combines intermediate software build files such as object and library files into a single executable file such a program or library.
While version 2.1 of the LGPL was a standalone licence, the current LGPL version 3 is based on a reference to the GPL.. Compared to the GNU Classpath license above, the LGPL formulates more requirements to the linking exception: licensees must allow modification of the portions of the library they use and reverse engineering (of their software and the library) for debugging such modifications.
Dynamic linking offers three advantages: Often-used libraries (for example the standard system library) need to be stored in only one location, not duplicated in every single binary. If a library is upgraded or replaced, all programs using it dynamically will immediately benefit from the corrections. Static builds would have to be re-linked first.
A program that is configured to use a library can use either static-linking or dynamic-linking.Historically, libraries could only be static. [4] For static-linking (), the library is effectively embedded into the programs executable file, while for dynamic-linking the library can be loaded at runtime from a shared location, such as system files.
Dynamic linking is linking at run time; it involves building the program with information that supports run-time linking to a dynamic link library (DLL). For dynamic linking, a compatible DLL file must be available to the program at run time, but for static linking, the program is standalone. Smart linking is performed by a build tool that ...
Using weak symbols in static libraries has other semantics than in shared ones, i.e. with a static library the symbol lookup stops at the first symbol – even if it is just weak and an object file with a strong symbol is also included in the library archive. On Linux, the linker option --whole-archive changes that behavior. [10]
A particular version of a library can be compatible with some programs that use it and incompatible with others. Windows has been particularly vulnerable to this because of its emphasis on dynamic linking of C++ libraries and Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) objects. C++ classes export many methods, and a single change to the class, such as a ...