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Also known as the tulip break virus, lily streak virus, lily mosaic virus, or simply TBV, tulip breaking virus is most famous for its dramatic effects on the color of the tulip perianth, an effect highly sought after during the 17th-century Dutch "tulip mania". [3] Tulip breaking virus is a potyvirus. [4]
Mohler, John R., Dourine of horses – its cause and suppression (1911) Covering sickness, or dourine (French, from the Arabic darina, meaning mangy (said of a female camel), feminine of darin, meaning dirty), [1] is a disease of horses and other members of the family Equidae.
Viruses that cause equine influenza were first isolated in 1956. The equine-1 virus affects heart muscle, while the equine-2 virus is much more severe and systemic. [9] The virus is spread by infected, coughing horses in addition to contaminated buckets, brushes, tack and other stable equipment.
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The most current theory is a result of a recent study that suggests it is caused by a pegivirus, referred to as Theiler's disease-associated virus (TDAV). [2] Eight horses that had received prophylactic botulinum antitoxin and developed subsequent signs of Theiler's disease were subjected to a test for a viral infection based on RNA sequencing techniques.
[35] [36] This disease caused by T. equigenitalis is a concern in the equine industry, especially the professional industries of the Thoroughbreds and American Quarter Horses. [9] Following the 1977 outbreak, the cost of the T. equigenitalis to the Kentucky Thoroughbred industry was US$4 million. [9]