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An image from John Dalton's A New System of Chemical Philosophy, the first modern explanation of atomic theory.. This timeline of chemistry lists important works, discoveries, ideas, inventions, and experiments that significantly changed humanity's understanding of the modern science known as chemistry, defined as the scientific study of the composition of matter and of its interactions.
Traité Élémentaire de Chimie (Elementary Treatise of Chemistry) - Antoine Lavoisier; Traité Élémentaire de Chimie, 1789, available in English as Elementary Treatise of Chemistry; Description: This book was intended as an introduction to new theories in chemistry and as such, was one of the first Chemistry textbooks. [9]
New images from the Euclid space telescope are published, including a view of the Messier 78 star nursery. [304] Astronomers using TESS report the discovery of Gliese 12 b, a Venus-sized exoplanet located 40 light-years away, with an equilibrium temperature of 315 K (42 °C; 107 °F). This makes it the nearest, transiting, temperate, Earth ...
The age of Imperial Karnataka was a period of significant advancement in Indian mathematics. The Golden Age of Indian mathematics and astronomy continues after the end of the Gupta empire, especially in Southern India during the era of the Rashtrakuta , Western Chalukya and Vijayanagara empires of Karnataka , which variously patronised Hindu ...
The protoscience of chemistry, and alchemy, was unsuccessful in explaining the nature of matter and its transformations. However, by performing experiments and recording the results, alchemists set the stage for modern chemistry. The history of chemistry is intertwined with the history of thermodynamics, especially through the work of Willard ...
New models of the structure of the atom led to developments in theories of chemistry and the development of new materials such as nylon and plastics. Advances in biology led to large increases in food production, as well as the elimination of diseases such as polio. A massive amount of new technologies were developed in the 20th century.
1966 – Kimishige Ishizaka discovered a new type of immunoglobulin, IgE, that develops allergy and explains the mechanisms of allergy at molecular and cellular levels. 1966 – Lynn Margulis proposed the endosymbiotic theory, that the eukaryotic cell is a symbiotic union of primitive prokaryotic cells. Richard Dawkins called the theory "one of ...
The following is a list of Clarivate Citation Laureates in chemistry, considered likely candidates to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. [1] Since 2024, 15 of the selected citation laureates starting in 2008 were eventually awarded the Nobel Prize: Roger Y. Tsien (2008), Martin Karplus (2012), John B. Goodenough and M. Stanley Whittingham (2019), Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna (2020 ...