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Courtaulds was a United Kingdom-based manufacturer of fabric, clothing, artificial fibres, and chemicals. It was established in 1794 and became the world's leading man-made fibre production company before being broken up in 1990 into Courtaulds plc and Courtaulds Textiles Ltd .
In 1827 Stephen Beuzeville was declared bankrupt; a formal deed of sale dated 11 April 1828 was created between the commissioners in bankruptcy and Samuel Courtauld, whereby Halstead Mill (subject to charges of £300) was sold to Courtaulds for a cash payment of £1,500. Stephen and his father joined Courtaulds as employees.
In 1794 he established his own textile business at Pebmarsh under the name George Courtald & Co. [1] However by 1816 the business was in financial difficulty: that year George's son Samuel took over the business and built it into the UK's largest manufacturer of mourning crape. [1] George was an ardent Unitarian. [1]
Red Scar Works was built in 1939 by Courtaulds and produced continuous filament viscose It was located in Ribbleton, Preston, off Longridge Road. [1] [2] The closure of the works was announced in November 1979 and the issue raised in the UK Parliament House of Commons by the constituency MP. [3]
It had a 26 ft flywheel with 35 ropes operating at 67 rpm then 68 rpm. In 1950, in LCC ownership it had both 96,000 ring and 20,000 mule spindles. By 1964, it was in the Courtaulds Group. In the late 1980s, as Courtaulds moved operations to other parts of the world, the mill was bought by Littlewoods. [17]
The fiber was developed by Courtaulds Fibres under the brand name "Tencel" in the 1980s. In 1982, a 100-kg/week pilot plant was built in Coventry, UK, and production increased tenfold (to a ton/week) in 1984. In 1988, a 25-ton/week semi-commercial production line opened at the Grimsby, UK, pilot plant. [15] [12]