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It is no longer considered credible and there has been much debate about whether the results were fraud or that his data may have been contaminated by stray light from Sirius A. [9] The first "reliable" confirmations of the effect appeared in the 1960s. First reproducible synthetic diamond (1955) Originally reported in Nature in 1955 [10] and ...
This list includes well-known general theories in science and pre-scientific natural philosophy and natural history that have since been superseded by other scientific theories. Many discarded explanations were once supported by a scientific consensus , but replaced after more empirical information became available that identified flaws and ...
As of 2024, Anversa and Leri have had 19 research publications retracted, 17 others have received an expression of concern, and 12 others have been corrected. [ 116 ] [ 117 ] Sylvain Lesné (France, US), a neuroscientist, co-authored a study in Nature proposing that a specific amyloid-beta protein assembly, Aβ*56, impairs memory and ...
The history of science is often seen as a linear story of progress [27] but historians have come to see the story as more complex. [ 28 ] [ 29 ] [ 30 ] Alfred Edward Taylor has characterised lean periods in the advance of scientific discovery as "periodical bankruptcies of science".
Tyrannosaurus rex was thought to have increased in size by more than 700 kg a year, until Mhyrvold showed that this was a factor of 2 too large. In 4 of 12 papers he examined, the original data had been lost. In three, the statistics were correct, while three had serious errors that invalidated their conclusions.
He has been called "the biggest con man in academic science". [77] In 2020, Sapan Desai and his coauthors published two papers in the prestigious medical journals The Lancet and The New England Journal of Medicine, early in the COVID-19 pandemic. The papers were based on a very large dataset published by Surgisphere, a company owned by Desai ...
There have been no successful attempts to reproduce fraudulent research by British ex-doctor Andrew Wakefield, where the misconception likely originates. Wakefield's research was ultimately shown to have been manipulated. [466] Dyslexia is not defined or diagnosed as mirror writing or reading letters or words backwards.
The historiography of science or the historiography of the history of science is the study of the history and methodology of the sub-discipline of history, known as the history of science, including its disciplinary aspects and practices (methods, theories, schools) and the study of its own historical development ("History of History of Science", i.e., the history of the discipline called ...