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  2. Poultry farming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultry_farming

    Excess heat, cold or damp can have a harmful effect on the animals and their productivity. [15] Free range farmers have less control than farmers using cages in what food their chickens eat, which can lead to unreliable productivity, [16] though supplementary feeding reduces this uncertainty. In some farms, the manure from free range poultry ...

  3. Effects of climate change on livestock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change...

    Healthy body temperature for adult horses is in the range between 37.5 and 38.5 °C (99.5 and 101.3 °F), which they can maintain while ambient temperatures are between 5 and 25 °C (41 and 77 °F). However, strenuous exercise increases core body temperature by 1 °C (1.8 °F)/minute, as 80% of the energy used by equine muscles is released as heat.

  4. Hardiness (plants) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardiness_(plants)

    H1a, higher than 15 °C (59 °F), applies to tropical plants permanently under glass in heat; while H7, below −20 °C (−4 °F), applies to very cold-tolerant plants such as heathers. Most outdoor plants in the UK fall within the range H4, −10 to −5 °C (14 to 23 °F) (hardy in the average winter) to H5, −15 to −10 °C (5 to 14 °F ...

  5. Chilling requirement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilling_requirement

    A chilling unit in agriculture is a metric of a plant's exposure to chilling temperatures. Chilling temperatures extend from freezing point to, depending on the model, 7 °C (45 °F) or even 16 °C (60 °F). [3] Stone fruit trees and certain other plants of temperate climate develop next year's buds in the summer.

  6. Cold hardening - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_hardening

    Non-diapausing insects can sustain brief temperature shocks but often have a limit to what they can handle before the body can no longer produce enough cryoprotective components. The common fruit fly. In addition to improving insects' survival during cold temperatures, cold hardening also improves the organism's performance. [9]

  7. Thermal ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_Ecology

    The Strix occidentalis, or the California spotted owl, has a preferred temperature range of around 18.20-35.20 °C and is less tolerant to heat than most other birds, exhibiting behaviors such as wing drooping and increased breathing at 30-34 °C. Because of this they tend to live in environments that are resistant to temperature change such as ...

  8. Eurytherm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurytherm

    It has been shown that the black spruce can endure temperatures as cold as –85°, and at least as warm as 20 °C. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) are found at nearly every latitude on earth. [10] They are able to withstand water temperatures ranging from 0° to 30-35 °C. [11]

  9. Frost resistance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frost_resistance

    Frost resistance is the ability of plants to survive cold temperatures. Generally, land plants of the northern hemisphere have higher frost resistance than those of the southern hemisphere. [1] An example of a frost resistant plant is Drimys winteri which is more frost-tolerant than naturally occurring conifers and vessel-bearing angiosperms ...