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In a technique known as blue field entoptoscopy, the effect is used to estimate the blood flow in the retinal capillaries.The patient is alternatingly shown blue light and a computer generated picture of moving dots; by adjusting the speed and density of these dots, the patient tries to match the computer generated picture to the perceived entoptic dots.
Swarm Intelligence : From Natural to Artificial Systems with Eric Bonabeau and Guy Theraulaz, Oxford University Press, 1999 (ISBN 0-19-513159-2). Robot Shaping with Marco Colombetti, MIT Press, 1998 (ISBN 0-262-04164-2). Ant algorithms for discrete optimization with Gianni Di Caro and Luca Maria Gambardella, Artificial Life, Vol. 5, N. 2, 1999.
Swarming is a honey bee colony's natural means of reproduction.In the process of swarming, a single colony splits into two or more distinct colonies. [1]Swarming is mainly a spring phenomenon, usually within a two- or three-week period depending on the locale, but occasional swarms can happen throughout the producing season.
[35] [36] Swarm intelligence (SI) is increasingly applied in Internet of Things (IoT) [37] [38] systems, and by association to Intent-Based Networking (IBN), [39] due to its ability to handle complex, distributed tasks through decentralized, self-organizing algorithms. Swarm intelligence has also been applied for data mining [40] and cluster ...
The design of swarm robotics systems is guided by swarm intelligence principles, which promote fault tolerance, scalability, and flexibility. [1] Unlike distributed robotic systems in general, swarm robotics emphasizes a large number of robots. While various formulations of swarm intelligence principles exist, one widely recognized set includes:
The blue carpenter bees fly from mid-March to mid-October, [5] collecting pollen at various families of plants, especially knapweed , yellow composites and Lotus . [ 6 ] Females dig the nest extracting the soft tissue that fills the cavities of the vertical or slanted dry plant stems and small branches, [ 7 ] [ 6 ] such as thistles ...
The brood comb is the beeswax structure of cells where the queen bee lays eggs. [1] It is the part of the beehive where a new brood is raised by the colony. During the summer season, a typical queen may lay 1500-2000 eggs per day, which results in 1500-2000 bees hatching after the three-week development period.
This algorithm is a member of the ant colony algorithms family, in swarm intelligence methods, and it constitutes some metaheuristic optimizations. Initially proposed by Marco Dorigo in 1992 in his PhD thesis, [ 6 ] [ 7 ] the first algorithm was aiming to search for an optimal path in a graph, based on the behavior of ants seeking a path ...