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An articulate brachiopod: Pedicle (ventral) valve Brachial (dorsal) valve Pedicle Surface. Modern brachiopods range from 1 to 100 millimetres (0.039 to 3.937 in) long, and most species are about 10 to 30 millimetres (0.39 to 1.18 in). [2] Magellania venosa is the largest extant species. [6]
The stalk (or pedicle) is a long white extension of the body, that emerges at the apex from between the valves, and not, as in articulate brachiopods, from a special opening in the dorsal valve. At the rear end, that is deepest in the sea bed, the skin (or epithelium ) secretes a glue-like mucus that binds to the substrate's particles, thus ...
Pentamerida is an order of biconvex, impunctate shelled, articulate brachiopods that are found in marine sedimentary rocks that range from the Middle Cambrian through the Devonian. [ 1 ] Pentamerids are characterized by a short hinge line where the two valves articulate, inner areas above the hinge line that slope inwardly from the beak of each ...
Atrypa is a genus of brachiopod with round to short egg-shaped shells covered with many fine radial ridges (or costae). Growth lines form perpendicular to the costae and are spaced approximately 2 to 3 times further apart than the costae.. The pedunculate valve is slightly convex, but oftentimes levels out or becomes slightly concave toward the ...
Rhynchonelliformea. Rhynchonelliformea is a major subphylum and clade of brachiopods. It is roughly equivalent to the former class Articulata, which was used previously in brachiopod taxonomy up until the 1990s. These so-called articulated brachiopods have many anatomical differences relative to "inarticulate" brachiopods of the subphyla ...
Linguliformea. Linguliformea is a subphylum of inarticulate brachiopods. [1] These were the earliest of brachiopods, ranging from the Cambrian into the Holocene. They rapidly diversified during the Cambrian into the Ordovician, but most families became extinct by the end of the Devonian. The articulation in these brachiopods is lacking.
Lingulella. Lingulella is a genus of phosphatic-shelled [6] brachiopod. It is known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale (Canada) to the Upper Ordovician Bromide Formation (United States) in North America. [7][8] 346 specimens of Lingulella are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.66% of the community. [9]
Orthida is an extinct order of brachiopods which appeared during the Early Cambrian period and became very diverse by the Ordovician, living in shallow-shelf seas.Orthids are the oldest member of the subphylum Rhynchonelliformea (Articulate Brachiopods), and is the order from which all other brachiopods of this group stem. [1]