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The std::string class is the standard representation for a text string since C++98. The class provides some typical string operations like comparison, concatenation, find and replace, and a function for obtaining substrings. An std::string can be constructed from a C-style string, and a C-style string can also be obtained from one. [7]
It is possible to perform very sophisticated operations without writing a new function object, simply by combining predefined function objects and function object adaptors. The class template std::function provided by C++11 is a general-purpose polymorphic function wrapper.
Provides a modern way of formatting strings including std::format. <string> Provides the C++ standard string classes and templates. <string_view> Added in C++17. Provides class template std::basic_string_view, an immutable non-owning view to any string. <regex> Added in C++11. Provides utilities for pattern matching strings using regular ...
For function that manipulate strings, modern object-oriented languages, like C# and Java have immutable strings and return a copy (in newly allocated dynamic memory), while others, like C manipulate the original string unless the programmer copies data to a new string.
In the C++ programming language, input/output library refers to a family of class templates and supporting functions in the C++ Standard Library that implement stream-based input/output capabilities. [1] [2] It is an object-oriented alternative to C's FILE-based streams from the C standard library. [3] [4]
The automatically generated special member functions are: Default constructor if no other constructor is explicitly declared. Copy constructor if no move constructor and move assignment operator are explicitly declared. If a destructor is declared generation of a copy constructor is deprecated (C++11, proposal N3242 [2]).
Strings are passed to functions by passing a pointer to the first code unit. Since char * and wchar_t * are different types, the functions that process wide strings are different than the ones processing normal strings and have different names. String literals ("text" in the C source code) are converted to arrays during compilation. [2]
But it comes with a performance penalty for string literals, as std::string usually allocates memory dynamically, and must copy the C-style string literal to it at run time. Before C++11, there was no literal for C++ strings (C++11 allows "this is a C++ string"s with the s at the end of the literal), so the normal constructor syntax was used ...