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In health, the soft tissue immediately around the teeth is keratinized and is referred to as keratinized tissue or gingiva. Alveolar mucosa is non keratinized oral epithelium and is located apical to the keratinized tissue, delineated by the mucogingival junction (MGJ). It should also be pointed out that mucosa can surround a tooth in health. [4]
Keratinized squamous epithelium is present in the gingiva and hard palate as well as areas of the dorsal surface of the tongue. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Keratinization is the differentiation of keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum into nonvital surface cells or squames to form the stratum corneum.
Others, including Broome and Taggert [4] and Donn [5] also described the use of SECT grafts for increasing the zone of keratinized tissue. Of the various ways of preparing the graft recipient site, Edel described using two vertical incisions, mesial and distal to the teeth at which the zone of keratinized tissue was intended to be widened. [1]
Using the mucogingival junction as the boundary demarcating the apical border of the attached gingiva, a periodontal probe is inserted into the gingival sulcus to measure how much of the keratinized gingiva coronal to the mucogingival junction is in fact attached to the underlying bone. The depth of the gingival sulcus, determined by the depth ...
Gingivectomy is the primary treatment method available in reducing the pocket depths of patients with periodontitis and suprabony pockets. [4] [5] In a retrospective comparison between different treatment approach to periodontitis management based on the initial and final gingival health, conventional gingivectomy was proven to be more successful in reducing pocket depths and inflammation ...
Thus, the JE does not mature like keratinized tissue, such as the marginal gingiva or attached gingiva, which fills its matured superficial cells with keratin. Nor does JE mature on a lesser level like nonkeratinized tissue of the sulcular gingiva and throughout the rest of the oral cavity, which enlarges its cells as they mature and migrate ...
To maintain the functional zone of the attached keratinized gingiva, flaps should be designed for maximum use and retention of keratinized gingival tissue, as it prevents the need of secondary procedures. [1] In the design of flaps, it needs to be ensured that there is adequate access and visibility.
Non-keratinized squamous epithelium covers the soft palate, lips, cheeks and the floor of the mouth. Keratinized squamous epithelium is present in the gingiva and hard palate . [ 3 ] Keratinization is the differentiation of keratinocytes in the granular layer into dead surface cells to form the stratum corneum.