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For example, the hexaaquo complexes M(H 2 O) 6 are all octahedral for M = V 3+, Mn 3+, Co 3+, Ni 2+ and Zn 2+, despite the fact that the electronic configurations of the central metal ion are d 2, d 4, d 6, d 8 and d 10 respectively.
Additionally, valence bond theory cannot explain electronic transitions and spectroscopic properties as effectively as MO theory. Furthermore, while VBT employs hybridization to explain bonding, it can oversimplify complex bonding situations, limiting its applicability in more intricate molecular geometries such as transition metal compounds. [11]
Perhaps because Lewis structures and VBT often depict the same structure as the most stable state, this misinterpretation has persisted. [7] However, as has been consistently demonstrated with VBT calculations, the lowest energy state is that with two, three electron π-bonds, which is the triplet state. [8]
The National Standard Examination in Biology or NSEB is an examination for biology for higher secondary school students in India, usually conducted in the end of November. The examination is organized by the Association of Teachers in Biological Sciences [ 1 ] [ 2 ] in association with Indian Association of Physics Teachers [ 3 ] and Homi ...
[26] [27] Again in 2022, a new controversy started when both CBSE and NCERT removed topics regarding Islamic Empires in the class 12 history textbook and chapters like “Challenges to Democracy” in the class 10 political science subject and many others, saying it is necessary to reduce syllabus to reduce examination pressure on students by ...
The clonal selection theory can be summarised with the following four tenets: Each lymphocyte bears a single type of receptor with a unique specificity (generated by V(D)J recombination).
In biology, cell theory is a scientific theory first formulated in the mid-nineteenth century, that living organisms are made up of cells, that they are the basic structural/organizational unit of all organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
A larger number of mRNAs would express a greater amount of protein, and how many copies of mRNA are generated depends on the promoter used in the vector. [12] The expression may be constitutive, meaning that the protein is produced constantly in the background, or it may be inducible whereby the protein is expressed only under certain condition ...