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An example of a directed, cyclic graphical model. Each arrow indicates a dependency. In this example: D depends on A, B, and C; and C depends on B and D; whereas A and B are each independent. The next figure depicts a graphical model with a cycle. This may be interpreted in terms of each variable 'depending' on the values of its parents in some ...
Included are diagram techniques, chart techniques, plot techniques, and other forms of visualization. There is also a list of computer graphics and descriptive geometry topics . Simple displays
An example of a roofline model with added bandwidth ceilings. In this model, the two additional ceilings represent the absence of software prefetching and NUMA organization of memory . An example roofline model with added in-core ceilings , where the two added ceilings represent the lack of instruction level parallelism and task level parallelism .
In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, the line graph of an undirected graph G is another graph L(G) that represents the adjacencies between edges of G. L(G) is constructed in the following way: for each edge in G, make a vertex in L(G); for every two edges in G that have a vertex in common, make an edge between their corresponding vertices in L(G).
Geometric graph theory in the broader sense is a large and amorphous subfield of graph theory, concerned with graphs defined by geometric means. In a stricter sense, geometric graph theory studies combinatorial and geometric properties of geometric graphs, meaning graphs drawn in the Euclidean plane with possibly intersecting straight-line edges, and topological graphs, where the edges are ...
For example, graph-based methods are often used to 'cluster' cells together into cell-types in single-cell transcriptome analysis. Another use is to model genes or proteins in a pathway and study the relationships between them, such as metabolic pathways and gene regulatory networks. [ 18 ]
This image was scaled up using nearest-neighbor interpolation.Thus, the "jaggies" on the edges of the symbols became more prominent. Jaggies are artifacts in raster images, most frequently from aliasing, [1] which in turn is often caused by non-linear mixing effects producing high-frequency components, or missing or poor anti-aliasing filtering prior to sampling.
A random graph model is an exchangeable random graph model if and only if it can be defined in terms of a (possibly random) graphon in this way. The model based on a fixed graphon W {\displaystyle W} is sometimes denoted G ( n , W ) {\displaystyle \mathbb {G} (n,W)} , by analogy with the ErdÅ‘s–Rényi model of random graphs.