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The 93rd Infantry Division was a "colored" segregated unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II.However, in World War I only its four infantry regiments, two brigade headquarters, and a provisional division headquarters were organized, and the divisional and brigade headquarters were demobilized in May 1918.
The Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments in Philadelphia opened the Free Military Academy for Applicants for the Command of Colored Troops at the end of 1863. [13] For a time, Black soldiers received less pay than their white counterparts, but they and their supporters lobbied and eventually gained equal pay. [ 14 ]
92nd Division (Colored) ("Buffalo Soldiers") 24 October 1917 26 September 1918 Maj. Gen. Charles C. Ballou Maj. Gen. Charles Martin Brig. Gen. James B. Erwin: Meuse–Argonne: 93rd Division (Colored) ("Blue Helmets") (only infantry organized) 23 November 1917 8 April 1918 Brig. Gen. Roy Hoffman: Third Aisne Second Marne
Colors of the 370th, with "(8th ILLS)" in banner fold. The 370th Infantry Regiment was the designation for one of the infantry regiments of the 93rd (Provisional) Infantry Division in World War I. Known as the "Black Devils", for their fierce fighting during the First World War and a segregated unit, it was the only United States Army combat unit with African-American officers.
The 366th Infantry Regiment was an all Colored unit of the United States Army that served in both World War I and World War II. [1] In the latter war, the unit was exceptional for having all black officers as well as troops. The U.S. military did not desegregate until after World War II. [2]
The Unknown Soldiers; Black American Troops in World War I. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1974. ISBN 0-87722-063-8. Harris, Bill. The Hellfighters of Harlem: African-American Soldiers Who Fought for the Right to Fight for Their Country. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2002. ISBN 0-7867-1050-0, ISBN 0-7867-1307-0.
Soldiers of the 25th Infantry, Fort Keogh, Montana, 1890. After the Civil War, the regular army was expanded to 45 infantry regiments from its wartime strength of 19. The act of Congress that authorized this included the creation of four regiments of "Colored Troops", racially segregated units with white officers and African American enlisted men.
The Houston Riot of 1917 was an alleged mutiny by 156 black soldiers of the 24th Infantry; [4] it has been called the Camp Logan Riots. Sergeant Vida Henry of I Company, 3rd Battalion led about 150 black soldiers in a two-hour march on Houston because they had suffered racial discrimination in the city. The soldiers were met by local policemen ...