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Trajectory and pattern of US 3-inch (76 mm) Shrapnel shell of WWI era. The other factor was the trajectory. The shrapnel bullets were typically lethal for about 300 yards (270 m) from normal field guns after bursting and over 400 yards (370 m) from heavy field guns.
76 mm artillery includes 3 Inch and Russian 30 line calibre weapons, which are actually 76.2 mm. They were typically called 12-pounders or 13-pounders by the British based on the weight of the shell. They were typically called 12-pounders or 13-pounders by the British based on the weight of the shell.
3.8-inch Gun, Models of 1904 and 1907 Similar to the 3-inch gun, but scaled up with a significantly longer barrel - 111.25 inches (2.826 m) overall gun body length instead of 87.8 inches (2.23 m) - in a larger caliber, with a lengthened recoil - 58.5 inches (1.49 m) instead of 45 inches (1.1 m) - as well as with a different extractor.
First, the rifled gun's 2.9-inch or 3-inch bore was narrower than the 12-pounder's 4.62 in (117 mm) bore and could hurl fewer canister balls. Second, the barrel's rifling caused the canister to be blasted in an irregular pattern.
The 3-inch rifle could hurl a shell 4,180 yd (3,822 m) at 16° elevation. [14] Unlike a smoothbore cannon, the 3-inch rifle's projectile retained two-thirds of its muzzle velocity at 1,500 yd (1,372 m) – or 839 ft/s (256 m/s) – so that its rifled projectile was invisible in flight.
However, its HE content was less than 2/3 that of the various 60 lb shells and it was some 3-inches shorter. [13] Shrapnel was also varied with bullet weights ranging from 35 to 41 bullets/pound and total loads varying from 616 (Mk ID) to 992 (Mk I) bullets. [13] Chemical shells were used with 60 pounder but not smoke or incendiary.
Diagrams of Mk III (left) and Mk IV (right) shrapnel shells for British BL 5 inch gun. Mk III : Shell walls of forged steel, bursting charge is in base. Shell does not break up on bursting. On bursting the bullets are ejected through the nose of the shell. Contains 236 lead-antimony balls, 14/pound. Mk IV : Bursting charge is contained in a ...