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tox is a command-line driven automated testing tool for Python, based on the use of virtualenv. It can be used for both manually-invoked testing from the desktop, or continuous testing within continuous integration frameworks such as Jenkins or Travis CI. [1] [2] Its use began to become popular in the Python community from around 2015. [3]
In 2011, the Python Packaging Authority (PyPA) was created to take over the maintenance of pip and virtualenv from Bicking, led by Carl Meyer, Brian Rosner, and Jannis Leidel. [10] With the release of pip version 6.0 (2014-12-22), the version naming process was changed to have version in X.Y format and drop the preceding 1 from the version ...
Conda is an open-source, [2] cross-platform, [3] language-agnostic package manager and environment management system. It was originally developed to solve package management challenges faced by Python data scientists, and today is a popular package manager for Python and R.
Virtual environment software refers to any software, program or system that implements, manages and controls multiple virtual environment instances (self definition). [1] The software is installed within an organization's existing IT infrastructure and controlled from within the organization itself.
In version 2.2 of Python, "new-style" classes were introduced. With new-style classes, objects and types were unified, allowing the subclassing of types. Even entirely new types can be defined, complete with custom behavior for infix operators. This allows for many radical things to be done syntactically within Python.
The SAI was first included in Python 3.11, which was measured to be 25% faster on average than Python 3.10 by the "pyperformance" benchmark suite. [ 12 ] In 2024, an experimental Just-in-time compiler was merged into CPython's main development branch.
In the 90s, the term "open source" was coined as an alternative label for free software, and specific criteria were laid out to determine which licenses covered free and open-source software. [15] [16] Two active members of the free software community, Bruce Perens and Eric S. Raymond, founded the Open Source Initiative (OSI). [17]
The user bought a perpetual license to use a particular version of the software. [14] Software as service (SaaS) vendors—who have the majority market share in application software as of 2023 [update] [ 15 ] —rarely offer perpetual licenses. [ 16 ]