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Decile rank of rainfall of Australia for each calendar year 1900-2022. Decile 1 means the lowest 10 per cent of records, decile 2 the next lowest 10 per cent, and so on, up to decile 10, the highest 10 per cent of records.
Recent climate events such as extremely high temperatures and widespread drought have focused government and public attention on the effects of climate change in Australia. [153] Rainfall in southwestern Australia has decreased by 10–20% since the 1970s, while southeastern Australia has also experienced a moderate decline since the 1990s. [150]
Over 50 per cent of runoff occurred in northern Australia. Only 6 per cent of Australia's runoff was in the Murray-Darling Basin, where 50 per cent of Australia's water use occurs. Australia's total large dam storage capacity was 84 BCM. [10] While surface water is well known, groundwater resources are not well known.
Recent climate events such as extremely high temperatures and widespread drought have focused government and public attention on the effects of climate change in Australia. [26] Rainfall in southwestern Australia has decreased by 10–20% since the 1970s, while southeastern Australia has also experienced a moderate decline since the 1990s. [23 ...
A dried up Lake Hume, 2007 Drought-affected fields in the Victorian countryside, 2006. Drought in Australia is defined by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology as rainfall over period greater than three-months being in the lowest decile of what has been recorded for that region in the past. [1]
A drainage basin is an extent of land where water from rain and melting snow or ice drains downhill into a body of water, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea or ocean. The drainage basin includes both the streams and rivers that convey the water as well as the land surfaces from which water drains into those channels, and is ...
A runoff models or rainfall-runoff model describes how rainfall is converted into runoff in a drainage basin (catchment area or watershed). More precisely, it produces a surface runoff hydrograph in response to a rainfall event, represented by and input as a hyetograph. Rainfall-runoff models need to be calibrated before they can be used.
According to the Bureau of Meteorology's 2011 Australian Climate Statement, Australia had lower than average temperatures in 2011 as a consequence of a La Niña weather pattern. [50] During the 2010–2012 La Niña event , Australia experienced its second- and third-wettest years, since a record of the rainfall started to kept during 1900.